So metro cars had to be put down on the track near Esplanade by crane, by directly digging the road surface. There were no connections of this stretch with the two depots at Dum Dum & Tollygunge (Now called Mahanayak Uttam Kumar). First day Metro Railway Kolkata was started by Sri Tapan Kumar Nath and Sri Sanjay Sil. The first section opened between Esplanade & Bhawanipore (now called Netaji Bhawan). Ghani Khan Chowdhury took a massive effort to perform it. Running of the first metro car on the line by 1984 was considered a great engineering challenge. Line 1 is 31.38 km long with 26 stations (see above). The laying of the founding stone was done in 1972, but actual construction of line 1 started only in 1978.
Public transport experts have suggested that the line be extended from Dakshineswar to Bally (where it can connect with local trains of the Howrah division of Eastern Railway) and eventually to Dankuni, an emerging industrial city. As a result, it took nearly 23 years to completely construct around 15 km underground railway from Birpara up to Tollygunge Metro Station. Being the country's first, and a completely indigenous process, the construction of the Kolkata Metro was more of a trial-and-error affair, in contrast to the Delhi Metro, which has seen the involvement of numerous international consultants. On 28 December 2010, it became the 17th zone of the Indian Railways.
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It was the first underground railway to be built in India, with the first operations commencing in October 1984 and the full stretch that was initially planned being operational by February 1995. Dakshineswar was opened on 22 February 2021 and is elevated and is located 4.1 km (2.5 mi) north of Noapara. The line connects Dakshineswar and New Garia and uses 5 ft 6 in ( 1,676 mm) 5 ft 6 in ( 1,676 mm) broad gauge rolling stock. It consists of 26 operational stations from Dakshineswar to Kavi Subhash, of which 9 are elevated, 2 are at grade and the remaining 15 are underground with a total distance of 31.3 km. The Line 1, also known as North–South Metro of the Kolkata Metro, is a rapid transit system serving South 24 Parganas, Kolkata and North 24 Parganas in Indian state of West Bengal.
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